Yes. As of January 1, 2015, undocumented immigrants in California can obtain a special “AB 60 license” without a social security number. 1 This was the result of California Assembly Bill 60, the “Safe and Responsible Driver Act.”
An AB60 license looks the same as a regular driver’s license (DL), but is marked “Federal Limits Apply” in the upper right-hand corner.
To date, the California DMV has issued more than 1,000,000 AB60 licenses to undocumented aliens. 2
If you are undocumented, an AB 60 license lets you drive legally in the state provided you meet all other qualifications (such as insurance and passing a driver’s test).
The license can also be used as legal identification with California law enforcement agencies.
An AB 60 license is not valid for official federal purposes. Therefore it does NOT:
It also does not protect against discrimination from:
Because an AB license does not offer federal protection, it should not be presented to federal officials. Federal officials include those from:
We also recommend using caution in other states (which may or may not have laws and/or policies protecting undocumented immigrants).
If you are undocumented, you can apply for an AB 60 DL as long as:
Learn how to apply for an AB 60 license by visiting the DMV’s “AB 60 driver’s license” webpage.
You can learn what documents you need to prove residence by visiting the California DMV’s AB60 Checklist webpage.
As of now yes, unless ICE is already looking for you.
Under California AB 60, law, state and local law enforcement agencies may not:
Therefore, showing an AB60 license to an officer should not result in an arrest for unlawful presence.
Note that you may still be arrested in a situation in which the officer would arrest someone who is here lawfully.
In addition, there is a federal law – 8 U.S. Code 1373 – which prohibits local law enforcement from sending information to the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS).
This potentially puts federal law in conflict with new California “sanctuary state” protections.
California Senate Bill 54 introduced new protections for undocumented immigrants. It amended the Government Code to make the state a so-called “sanctuary state” as of January 1, 2018.
Among its many provisions, SB 54:
State DMV records do not identify licenses by whether they are regular or AB 60 licenses.
Though the DMV can respond to a request from the Department of Homeland Security. 8
So if ICE is already looking for you specifically, the DMV can provide DHS with your address and photo.
Also, according to The Verge, dozens of California agencies share data on license plate numbers through a network accessible by United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). 9
It is a personal decision.
In general, we recommend that someone who is not in trouble with the law get an AB 60 license if you will be driving in California.
An AB 60 license allows an immigrant to drive lawfully in California. So having one can prevent you from getting arrested for VC 12500 – driving without a license.
Getting a DL may be risky for someone with a criminal record. DHS and other law enforcement agencies can use the DMV’s databases to locate persons of interest.
If you are in this situation, you may wish to consult with an experienced California criminal and immigration lawyer before applying.
Regardless, we recommend that you exercise caution when dealing with law enforcement.
In particular, we advise that you not answer questions relating to immigration status or disclose your status without first speaking to a lawyer.
The DMV’s current policy is not to pursue criminal prosecution if you used false information in the past as long as doing so did not cause any harm.
The DMV requires disclosure of prior DLs. If you used someone else’s social security number or identification, you are at higher risk than if you just made up fake information. 10
As noted above, the DMV can share information with federal law enforcement officials if they are already looking for a specific person.
To be safe, consult with a California criminal attorney before applying for a DL.